بدر
17 Ramadan 2 AH (March 624 CE): the morning of the battle
Badr was a watering place and seasonal market on the road between Makkah and Madinah, at the lower end of Wadi al-Safra, a night's journey from the coast. The Muslims had set out to intercept a Qurayshi caravan; the caravan slipped away along the coast, and the army of Quraysh met them here instead. The model shows the valley on the morning of the battle: the Muslims on the near side by the wells, Quraysh on the far side behind the sand hill of al-'Aqanqal, and the valley bed of Yalyal between them. The landform, 10 km across with the hills that ring the plain, comes from modern elevation data. The sources give the layout but not the distances, so the number and places of the wells, the sizes of the basin and the shelter, and the places of the tents are estimates. There are no figures: the scene shows the place, not the fighting. The scattered shrubs are added only for scale; their places are invented.
Sources: Qur'an 8:7–11, 8:42 · Ibn Hisham, al-Sira al-Nabawiyya 1:620–650 (Badr) · al-Waqidi, al-Maghazi 1:44–134 · Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-Kubra 2:9–20 · Sahih al-Bukhari 3976 and the chapters on Badr · al-Samhudi, Wafa' al-Wafa 3:176, 4:26; Yaqut, Mu'jam al-Buldan 1:357 · Places and landform: OpenStreetMap (battlefield node 11107371617, Masjid al-'Arish node 3148018114); AWS Terrain Tiles (SRTM)